Table 15.1-- MARKET VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS SOLD:
1978, 1982, 1987 AND 1992
State Hawaii
Subject and period
total
County
Total sales ($1,000):
1978 .................................
419,251 148,399
1982 .................................
558,608 206,427
1987 .................................
609,741* 219,756
1992 .................................
552,054 187,593
Sales per farm (dollars):
1978 .................................
97,274 65,490
1982 .................................
121,569 81,302
1987 .................................
125,203 78,205
1992 .................................
103,458 59,421
* Revised.
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1982
Census of
Agriculture, Geographic Area Series, Hawaii, State and County
Data, AC82-A-11 (September 1984), chapter 2, table 3; 1987
Census of Agriculture, Geographic Area Series, Hawaii, State
and County Data, AC87-A-11 (August 1989), chapter 2, table 2;
and 1992 Census of Agriculture, Geographic Area Series, Hawaii,
State and County Data, AC92-A-11 (October 1994), chapter 2,
table 1.
Table 15.2-- FARMS, LAND IN FARMS, AND LAND USE,
HAWAII COUNTY: 1992
Subject
Number
Farms ...........................................
3,157
Land in farms (acres) ...........................
926,607
Average size of farm (acres) ..................
294
Value of land and buildings:
Average per farm (dollars) ....................
495,001
Average per acre (dollars) ....................
1,686
Continued on next page.
259
Table 15.2-- FARMS, LAND IN FARMS, AND LAND USE,
HAWAII COUNTY: 1992 (contd.)
Subject
Number
Farms by size:
1 to 9 acres ..................................
1,960
10 to 49 acres ................................
858
50 to 179 acres ...............................
188
180 to 499 acres ..............................
74
500 to 999 acres ..............................
22
1,000 to 1,999 acres ..........................
15
2,000 or more acres ...........................
40
Lands in farms according to use:
Total cropland:
Farms
..................................... 2,893
Acres
..................................... 116,068
Harvested cropland:
Farms
..................................... 2,752
Acres
..................................... 52,950
Cropland used only for pasture or grazing:
Farms
.....................................
262
Acres
..................................... 18,472
Other cropland:
Farms
.....................................
637
Acres
..................................... 44,646
Total woodland:
Farms
.....................................
185
Acres
..................................... 79,319
Pastureland and rangeland other than
cropland and woodland pastured:
Farms
.....................................
386
Acres
..................................... 649,365
Land in house lots, ponds, roads,
wasteland, etc.:
Farms
..................................... 1,209
Acres
..................................... 81,855
Irrigated land (acres) ..........................
13,013
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1992
Census of
Agriculture, Geographic Area Series, Hawaii, State and County
Data, AC92-A-11 (October 1994), chapter 2, tables 6 and 8.
260
Table 15.3-- TENURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FARM OPERATOR AND
TYPE OF ORGANIZATION, HAWAII COUNTY: 1992
Subject
Number
FARMS
Land in farms
Farms .........................................
3,157
Acres .........................................
926,607
TENURE OF OPERATOR
Full owners
Farms .........................................
1,796
Acres .........................................
81,871
Part owners
Farms .........................................
423
Acres .........................................
655,149
Owned land in farms (acres)
................. 364,581
Rented land in farms (acres)
................ 290,568
Tenants
Farms .........................................
938
Acres .........................................
189,587
OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS
Place of residence:
On farm operated ..............................
1,867
Not on farm operated ..........................
1,038
Not reported ..................................
252
Principal occupation:
Farming .......................................
1,663
Other .........................................
1,494
Days of work off farm:
None ..........................................
1,079
Any ...........................................
1,785
1 to 49 days
.............................. 248
50 to 99 days
.............................. 215
100 to 149 days
............................. 200
150 to 199 days
............................. 251
200 days or more
............................ 871
Not reported
................................ 293
Continued on next page.
261
Table 15.3-- TENURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FARM OPERATOR AND
TYPE OF ORGANIZATION, HAWAII COUNTY: 1992 (contd.)
Subject
Number
OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS
Years on present farm:
2 years or less ...............................
227
3 or 4 years ..................................
404
5 to 9 years ..................................
750
10 years or more ..............................
1,209
Average years on present farm
............... 12.8
Not reported ..................................
567
Age group:
Under 25 years ................................
15
25 to 34 years ................................
237
35 to 44 years ................................
761
45 to 54 years ................................
659
55 to 64 years ................................
627
55 to 59 years
.............................. 292
60 to 64 years
.............................. 335
65 years and over .............................
858
65 to 69 years
.............................. 340
70 years and over
........................... 518
Average age
............................... 53.7
Sex:
Male
Farms
....................................... 2,680
Acres
....................................... 896,409
Female
Farms
.......................................
477
Acres
....................................... 30,198
TYPE OF ORGANIZATION
Individual or family (sole proprietorship)
Farms
....................................... 2,659
Acres
....................................... 113,696
Partnership
Farms
.......................................
231
Acres
....................................... 114,512
Continued on next page.
262
Table 15.3-- TENURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FARM OPERATOR AND
TYPE OF ORGANIZATION, HAWAII COUNTY: 1992 (contd.)
Subject
Number
TYPE OF ORGANIZATION
Corporation
Family held
Farms
.......................................
170
Acres
....................................... 249,756
Other than family held
Farms
.......................................
58
Acres
....................................... 102,273
Other (cooperative, estate or trust,
institutional, etc.)
Farms
.......................................
39
Acres
....................................... 346,370
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1992
Census of
Agriculture, Geographic Area Series, Hawaii, State and County
Data, AC92-A-11 (October 1994), chapter 2, table 11.
Table 15.4-- NUMBER OF FARMS, FARM ACREAGE, AND
FARM EMPLOYMENT, HAWAII COUNTY: 1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990 1/ 1991 1/ 1992 1/ 1993
1/ 1994
Number of farms 2/ ....... 2,700 2,700 2,800
2,800 2,800
Farm acreage (1,000) 3/ .. 990 955
929 929 929
Farm employment 4/
Self-employed farm
operators ............ 1,563 1,913 1,837
1,800 1,713
Unpaid family members .. 613 638
738 625 663
Hired workers .......... 3,475 3,638 3,758
3,275 3,013
1/ Revised.
2/ Based on farm definition of $1,000 or more of agricultural
sales.
3/ Includes land not in crop and pasture, such as farm house
lots, roads, woodlots, etc.
4/ Average of January, April, July and October quarters, rounded
off.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1991 (December 1992), p.98; 1992 (October 1993), pp.7, 9 and 96;
1993 (December 1994), pp.7, 9 and 100; and 1994 (December 1995), pp. 7, 9 and 96.
263
Table 15.5-- VALUE OF CROP AND LIVESTOCK SALES,
HAWAII COUNTY: 1976 TO 1994
(In thousands of dollars)
Crops
Sugar
All
(unpro-
crops
& All cessed
Other
Year livestock crops
cane) crops
Livestock
1976 ...... 102,386 86,561
60,800 25,761 15,825
1977 ...... 96,088 80,781
51,900 28,881 15,307
1978 ...... 123,292 103,346
68,600 34,746 19,946
1979 ...... 145,146 123,856
79,500 44,356 21,290
1980 ...... 215,640 193,169 137,500
55,669 22,471
1981 ...... 163,730 140,712
76,800 63,912 23,018
1982 ...... 176,021 152,244
86,900 65,344 23,777
1983 ...... 191,814 167,941 100,000
67,941 23,873
1984 ...... 185,216 161,983
94,000 67,983 23,233
1985 ...... 171,645 149,523
69,800 79,723 22,122
1986 ...... 187,958 165,976
74,100 91,876 21,982
1987 ...... 180,306 153,891
64,400 89,491 26,415
1988 ...... 194,679 165,619
60,000 105,619 29,060
1989 1/.... 207,445 174,741
56,900 113,841 32,704
1990 1/.... 198,310 168,893
55,000 113,893 29,417
1991 1/.... 179,716 149,009
43,600 105,409 30,707
1992 1/.... 168,406 140,235
38,200 102,035 28,171
1993 1/.... 166,309 140,610
39,000 101,610 25,699
1994 ...... 159,239 138,531
35,800 102,731 20,708
1/ Revised.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture (annual).
264
Table 15.6-- ACREAGE IN CROP, TOTAL FARM ACREAGE, AND
NUMBER OF CROP FARMS, HAWAII COUNTY: 1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990 1/
1991 1/ 1992 1/ 1993 1/ 1994
Acreage in crop (1,000 acres):
Sugarcane .................... 57.9 56.1
47.3 33.9 22.4
Vegetables and melons 2/ ..... 1.5 1.5
1.6 1.7 1.7
Fruits, excluding pineapples . 5.4 5.3
5.5 5.4 5.0
Macadamia nuts ............... D
D D
D D
Coffee 5/ .................... 2.1 2.1
2.0 1.9 1.8
Miscellaneous crops 3/ ....... 1.6 1.8
1.9 1.7 1.6
Total farm acreage
(1,000 acres) 4/ ............. 990 955
929 929 929
Number of crop farms:
Sugarcane .................... 45
45 45
25 15
Vegetables and melons ........ 255 260
295 297 280
Fruits, excluding pineapples . 515 575
600 553 596
Macadamia nuts ............... 670 670
640 630 630
Flowers and nursery products . 325 335
314 307 304
Coffee 5/ .................... 624 609
594 574 575
Taro ......................... 86
100 100 110 105
D = Data not shown separately to avoid disclosure of individual
operations.
1/ Revised.
2/ Harvested acreage.
3/ Includes taro, seed corn, feed and forage crops (excluding
pineapple feed products), and flowers, foliage and nursery products.
4/ Includes land not in crop and pasture such as farm house lots,
roads, woodlots, etc.
5/ Statewide total, though almost all acreage and farms are in
Hawaii County.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1992 (October 1993), pp.7 and 8; 1993 (December 1994), pp.7 and 8;
Hawaii Coffee (released September 13, 1993), p.2; and Statistics of Hawaiian Agriculture,
1994 (December 1995), pp. 7 and 8.
265
Table 15.7-- VOLUME OF CROP MARKETINGS AND VALUE OF CROP SALES,
HAWAII COUNTY: 1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990
1991 1992 1993
1994
Volume of crop marketings
(1,000):
Sugar (unproc. cane; tons) .. 1,945 1,725 1,674
1,499 1,345
Vegetables & melons (lb.) ... 28,690 32,490 30,940 29,640
26,565
Fruits, exc. pineapples (lb.) 84,960 71,460 87,330 79,640
77,830
Mac nuts (in shell; lb.) .... D
D D
D D
Coffee (parchment; lb.) 1/ .. 2,460 2,320 1,790
1,960 1,800
Taro (lb.) .................. 1,300 1,420 1,610
1,790 1,960
Value of crop sales ($1,000):
Sugar (unproc. cane) ........ 55,000 43,600 38,200 39,000
35,800
Vegetables & melons ......... 13,867 15,331 13,765 12,411
13,121
Fruits, exc. pineapples 1/ .. 18,894 20,617 18,702 18,226
18,271
Mac nuts (in shell) ......... D
D D
D D
Flowers & nursery products 1/ 33,794 31,329 34,710 33,902
31,348
Coffee (parchment) 1/ ....... 7,306 4,583 3,687
5,880 6,840
Taro ........................ 528 575
689 748 790
Field crops (not estimated
separately) ............... 89
59 41
35 51
D = Data not shown separately to avoid disclosure of individual
operations.
1/ Revised.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1990 (October 1991), pp.10, 12 and 13; 1993 (December 1994), pp.10,
12 and 13; Hawaii Coffee (released September 13, 1993), p.2; and Statistics of Hawaiian
Agriculture, 1994 (December 1995), pp. 10, 12 and 13.
266
Table 15.8-- SUGARCANE: NUMBER OF FARMS, ACREAGE, YIELD,
PRODUCTION, PRICE, AND VALUE, HAWAII COUNTY:
1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Number of farms .................... 45 45
45 25 15
Acreage (1,000 acres)
In crop .......................... 57.9 56.1 47.3
33.9 22.4
Harvested for sugar .............. 20.6 18.1 19.0
18.4 18.2
Yield per acre cane (tons) 1/ ...... 94.4 95.3 88.1
81.5 73.9
Production of cane for
sugar (1,000 tons) ............... 1,945 1,725 1,674 1,499
1,345
Farm price (dollars/ton) 1/ ........ 28.30 25.30 22.80 26.00 26.60
Value of cane for sugar ($mil.) 2/ . 55.0 43.6 38.2
39.0 35.8
1/ Yield and farm price may not compute exactly due to rounding.
2/ Value of cane for sugar estimated by deducting processing and
marketing costs from value of sugar and molasses. Processing costs based on toll charges
paid by independent producers.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1992 (October 1993), p.22; 1993 (December 1994), p.22; and 1994
(December 1995), p.20.
Table 15.9-- SUGAR COMPANIES, ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION,
HAWAII COUNTY: 1994
Total cane- Acreage Production
Company
land acreage
harvested (short tons)
Hamakua Sugar Co. ........... 8,634
8,634
60,822
Hilo Coast Processing Co. 1/.
2/
Kau Agribusiness Co. ........ 8,875
4,660
44,365
Mauna Kea Agribusiness Co. 4,778
4,778
40,564 3/
United Cane Planters' Coop.
145 145
1,443 3/
1/ Hilo Coast Processing Co. harvests and processes cane grown by
Mauna Kea Agribusiness and United Cane Planters' Cooperative.
2/ Produced 42,007 tons raw sugar for 3/.
3/ Growers only, cane processed by Hilo Coast Processing Co.,
which together with Mauna Kea Agribusiness Co. phased out of sugarcane production and
processing in 1994.
Source: Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, records.
267
Table 15.10-- EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLLS IN HAWAII COUNTY'S
SUGAR INDUSTRY: 1983 TO 1994
Year
Total
Production Processing
AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT
1983 ................. 2,643
1,418
1,225
1984 ................. 2,326
1,390
936
1985 ................. 2,173
1,253
920
1986 ................. 2,213
1,241
972
1987 ................. 2,033
1,188
845
1988 ................. 1,984
1,165
819
1989 ................. 1,765
1,007
758
1990 ................. 1,519
785
734
1991 ................. 1,497
798
699
1992 ................. 1,463
832
631
1993 1/............... 3,804
2,151
1,653
1994 ................. 3,570
2,101
1,469
TOTAL WAGES
1983 ................. 50,563,487 26,850,026
23,713,461
1984 ................. 44,956,999 26,602,651
18,354,348
1985 ................. 41,885,664 22,010,629
19,875,035
1986 ................. 41,662,245 22,656,189
19,006,056
1987 ................. 41,187,076 22,949,949
18,237,127
1988 ................. 39,875,935 22,309,567
17,566,368
1989 ................. 36,769,577 19,412,418
17,357,159
1990 ................. 33,628,728 15,883,731
17,744,997
1991 ................. 34,740,843 18,064,526
16,676,317
1992 ................. 34,391,444 17,839,170
16,552,274
1993 1/............... 69,453,917 35,970,871
33,483,046
1994 ................. 66,352,221 36,095,145
30,257,076
AVERAGE ANNUAL WAGE
1983 ................. 19,131
18,935
19,358
1984 ................. 19,328
19,139
19,609
1985 ................. 19,276
17,565
21,597
1986 ................. 18,826
18,256
19,554
1987 ................. 20,259
19,318
21,582
1988 ................. 20,099
19,150
21,449
1989 ................. 20,833
19,277
22,899
1990 ................. 22,139
20,234
24,176
1991 ................. 23,207
22,637
23,857
1992 ................. 23,507
21,441
26,232
1993 1/............... 18,258
16,723
20,256
1994 ................. 18,586
17,180
20,597
1/ In 1993, sugar and pineapple consolidated with other crops;
sugar mill and pineapple canning combined with other food processing.
Source: Hawaii State Department of Labor and Industrial
Relations, Employment and Payrolls in Hawaii (annual).
268
Table 15.11-- MACADAMIA NUTS: NUMBER OF FARMS, ACREAGE, YIELD,
MARKETINGS, PRICE AND VALUE, HAWAII COUNTY 1/:
1990-91 TO 1994-95 SEASONS
1990- 1991- 1992- 1993-
1994-
Subject
1991 1992
1993 1994 1995
Number of farms ...... 690 690
660 650
650
Acreage
In crop ............ 22,600 22,500 20,500
20,100 20,200
Bearing ............ 18,400 18,200 17,500
18,500 18,500
Yield per acre,
bearing (000 lb.) 2/ 2.7
2.7 2.7
2.6 2.8
Production 3/
(1,000 lb.)
Gross 4/ ........... 54,300 53,800 53,000
53,000 57,000
Net 5/ ............. 50,000 49,500 48,000
48,500 51,500
Farm price 3/
(cents per lb.)
Gross 6/ ........... 75.5 64.3
61.6 62.2 62.3
Net ................ 82.0 70.0
68.0 68.0 69.0
Farm value 7/
($1,000) ........... 41,000 34,650 32,640
32,980 35,535
Note: Season begins July 1st and ends June 30th of following
year.
1/ Statewide total, though almost all acreage is in Hawaii
County.
2/ Net production per bearing acre.
3/ Wet in-shell basis, delivered processors.
4/ Gross pounds delivered for processing.
5/ Gross pounds delivered for processing less total spoilage
through cracking, but before roasting.
6/ Farm value divided by gross production.
7/ Net production multiplied by net farm price.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Hawaii Macadamia
Nuts, Final Season Estimates (August 17, 1995), p.1.
269
Table 15.12- PAPAYAS: NUMBER OF FARMS, ACREAGE, YIELD,
UTILIZATION, PRICE, AND VALUE, HAWAII COUNTY:
1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990 1991
1992 1993 1994
Number of farms 1/ ...... 266 229
213 211 210
Acreage harvested 1/ .... 2,280 1,915 2,275
2,425 2,048
Yield per acre
(1,000 lb.) 2/ ........ 29.4 28.0
30.1 25.3 28.5
Utilized production
(1,000 lb.) ........... 67,045 53,685 68,455 61,285
58,325
Utilization (1,000 lb.)
Fresh ................. 56,545 46,485 52,955 55,785
52,525
Processed ............. 10,500 7,200 15,500
5,500 5,800
3/ 3/ 3/
3/ 3/
Price per pound (cents)
Fresh ................. 24.7 32.8
24.3 22.7 23.5
Processed ............. D
D D
D D
All ................... 21.3 28.8
19.5 20.9 21.5
Value of utilized
production ($1,000).... 14,282 15,441 13,350 12,805
12,536
D = Data not shown to avoid disclosure of individual operations.
1/ Average of monthly estimates.
2/ Utilized production divided by acreage harvested.
3/ Combined with Kauai to avoid disclosure of individual
operations.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1992 (October 1993), p.42; 1993 (December 1994), p.46, and 1994
(December 1995), p.42.
270
Table 15.13-- NUMBER OF LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS, VOLUME OF LIVESTOCK
MARKETINGS AND VALUE OF LIVESTOCK SALES, HAWAII COUNTY:
1990 TO 1994
Subject
1990 1/ 1991 1/ 1992 1/
1993 1/ 1994
Number of livestock operations:
Total 2/ .................... 2,700 2,700 2,800
2,800 2,800
Cattle 3/ ................... 440 460
460 430 410
Hogs ........................ 80
70 70
50 60
Milk ........................ 41
41 30
30 30
Eggs ........................ 25
25 25
25 25
Honey ....................... 7
9 10
11 14
Volume of livestock marketings:
Beef (dressed weight;
1,000 lb.) 4/ ............. 23,388 22,075 14,350
5,896 4,750
Pork (dressed weight;
1,000 lb.) ................ 530
472 491 505
533
Milk (million lb.) .......... D
D D
D D
Eggs (million) .............. D
D D
D D
Broilers & chickens (ready-
to cook weight; 1,000 lb.) D
D D
- -
Honey (1,000 lb.) ........... D
D D
D D
Value of livestock sales
($1,000):
Total 5/..................... 29,417 30,707 28,171 25,699
20,708
Cattle 6/ ................... 23,101 24,192 21,578 18,112
13,241
Hogs 6/ ..................... 569 507
534 545 540
Milk ........................ D
D D
D D
Eggs ........................ D
D D
D D
Broilers & chickens (ready-
to-cook weight) ........... D
D -
- -
Other 7/ .................... 784 848
- -
-
D = Data not shown to avoid disclosure of individual operations.
1/ Revised.
2/ Based on farm definition of $1,000 or more of agricultural
sales.
3/ Includes beef, dairy and dairy replacement operations.
4/ Includes slaughter cattle but excludes calves shipped
out-of-state.
5/ Sum of indiviual comodities may not add to total. Includes
sheep, wool, turkeys, honey, beeswax, broilers, and chickens.
6/ Excludes interfarm sales; includes out-of-state sales of
slaughter cattle and feeder calves.
7/ Includes sheep, wool, turkeys, horses, honey, and beeswax.
Source: Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, Statistics of
Hawaiian Agriculture, 1992 (October 1993), pp.9, 11 and 14; 1993 (December 1994), pp.9, 11
and 14, and 1994 (December 1995), pp.9, 11 and 14.
271
Table 15.14-- FLOWER AND NURSERY PRODUCTS, HAWAII COUNTY:
1980 TO 1994
Area
Artificial
Green- shade Natural
Value
Number
house structure
shade Open of
of Total
(1,000 (1,000 area
field sales
Year farms (acres) sq. ft.) sq. ft.) (acres)
(acres) ($1,000)
&nbs